|  Click Slide menu on left Elizabeth GUILFORD 
 
          Elizabeth Guilford, daughter of 
        William and Ann Guilford was Baptised 01 Jun 1817 at Easton, 
        Wiltshire, England  Src: Wiltshire Archives - Easton Royal Parish RegisterIn 1841 now 24 years, she  was 
        employed as a household servant at MarlboroughRegina Captain Thornton, . She boarded along 
        with 280 other passengers 29 Aug 1859 and the ship sailed from Gravesend on Sep 
        2nd. After a passage of 13 weeks she arrived at the Port 
        of Lyttelton on  04 Dec 1859 and would have been greeted 
        eagerly and together the reunited family would have made their way up 
        the bridle path to rest at the top and view the plains ahead - we wish we could have known her thoughts when comparing it with the land left behind and now, John would see the advances made when hecompared it to the barren sight that greeted him 8 years before. At Heathcote there was not yet a bridge built so a 
        ferry took them and Elizabeth's possessions across the river 
        and then on by dray to Christchurch.
 In 1859, when 41Y, Elizabeth took the challenge to leave England for New Zealand and  join her brother John and his family 
        at Canterbury, New Zealand after years of insistance there were greater opportunities there waiting for her. 
        Elizabeth sought a immigration passage on the 676 ton 
        ship  
 Work as a servant was 
        plentiful but we have no record of Elizabeth's life, any events or 
        location during those first years but in the 
        Nelson Examiner and 
        New Zealand Chronicle, 1861, Shipping Intelligence.ENTERED INWARDS. 
        January 12,  I. R. M. Steamer Prince Alfred,  from Wellington. 
        Passengers for Nelson —Second cabin : Miss 
        Guilford,.
 
 In Nelson 
        1865 -17 January 1865, we find Elizabeth has a house: TOWN ASSESSMENT— 
        NELSON. BOARD OF WORK 3. EIGHTH YEAR. NOTICE is hereby given, that a 
        RATE of Three Farthings in the Pound, upon the assessed value of the 
        PROPERTY included within the TOWN of NELSON, has been made by the BOARD 
        of WORKS; and the said rate is required to be PAID to the Secretary, at 
        the Board of Works Office, Market-place, Nelson, on WEDNESDAY, the 8th 
        day of February, 1865. In accordance with the " Nelson Improvement 
        Amendment Act," " the names of the persons liable for the payment of 
        such rate, and the amount payable by each of such persons, are published 
        for general information. £ s. d. Guilford, E ; £0 10s 
        0d
    4 April 1865, 
        GOVERNMENT NOTICES. LIST of UNCLAIMED LETTERS remaining in the 
        Post-office, Nelson, for the Quarter ending March 31,1865: Elizabeth 
        Guilford   In 1866 financially 
        stretched Elizabeth is forced to sell her home - Nelson Evening 
        Mail,  15 May: SALES BY AUCTION. IMPORTANT SALE OF VALUABLE TOWN 
        AND COUNTRY PROPERTIES. On SATURDAY, 19th instant, 12 o'clock sharp, 
        MESSRS. LOCKHART & CO. have received full instructions from the 
        Mortgagees to sell by Public Auction (unless previously settled) all the 
        right, title, and interest in the following Properties, viz Brick House 
        and Land, part of Town Acre 422, lately occupied by Miss 
        Guilford.   Elizabeth was living 
        at Nelson however in July 1868 the Nelson Examiner and New Zealand 
        Chronicle reported:  7 July 1868: CLEARED OUTWARDS. July 6, steamer 
        Airedale, 286, Kennedy, for Picton and Wellington. Passengers: saloon — 
        Miss Bonnington, Mr. and Mrs. Wilson and child and servant, Dr. and Miss 
        Greenwood, Miss Wells, Sir David Monro, Lady Monro, Major Richmond, 
        Messrs. Emerson, Collins, Wells, Parker, and Eyes ; second cabin — Mr. 
        Kennedy, Mr. Plowden, and Miss Guilford.   Elizabeth went to the West Coast - her nephew Henry John 
        wrote in his diary 1911 that "For some years she lived in Christchurch, 
        then went to Nelson, thence to the "West Coast" where for a number 
        of years she carried on a Storekeeping business at Charleston." Nephew William and brother to 
        Henry, briefly went goldmining on the coast before his marriage, and 
        would certainly made contact but after that she was with 
        family. In 1869 letters received during the month of July, 1869 at Hokitika addressed to Miss Guilford remained unclaimed and continued to be 
        advertised monthly till the end of November . 
 
 Left: Hokitika Beach abt 1870 by 
        Theodore 
        Octavius Hurt, On right, Hokitika township 
        about 1875The ebb and flow of population was immediate 
        following the lure of instant wealth: "A report on the state and 
        prospects of the new rush at the Teremakau, is published in another 
        column, and it may be seen from a perusal of it that the news is of 
        a most cheering description. It is long since any extensive new ground 
        has been opened up in the locality of the Teremakau, or indeed if any 
        portion of the Waimea or Hokitika district, and the present discovery 
        should have the effect of imparting fresh hopes to  prospecting 
        miners and expectations of an improved condition of affairs to the 
        business people of this and the neighbouring district. The universal 
        depression which has certainly existed on the Westland gold-fields for 
        some time past, will require perhaps stronger stimulants than the 
        present rush to remove it finally, but it is in platter for 
        congratulation that the falsity is proved of the too often repeated cry, 
        that all the payable alluvial ground has been worked out. The fact that 
        the days of important alluvial rushes have not gone by for ever, may 
        tend towards the dissolution of the singular enchantment which distance 
        lends to the view of the West Coast miners, who have been too easily 
        deluded by exaggerated of gold discoveries in far away lands, and too 
        heedless of riches which lay at their feet." 
        This may have been the reason that 
         Elizabeth went to Bell Hill - it 
        was noted 
        for goldmining was situated 19.3 km SE Ngahere   THE BELL HILL 
        ROAD. West Coast Times, 30 July 1872: The following is the Chief Surveyor's report on the 
        proposed road from the 32nd mile-post., Christchurch Road, to the 
        Arahura Township : —  The country to be 
        traversed between the Teremakau and Lady Lake, a distance of about 
        eleven miles, is flat, offering every facility for the construction of a 
        road; gravel is to be had almost anywhere by sinking to a moderate 
        depth. The land along this part of the road is of superior description, 
        comprising about 20,000 acres of the best alluvial ground in the 
        country. A great number of creeks require to be crossed, the moat of 
        them with hard gravel bottom, and consequently not necessitating the 
        construction of bridges or even of culverts to open the road. From Lady 
        Lake to Bell Hill a distance of about five miles, the road for the most 
        part would run along the foot of Granite Hill spurs and Jones' Hill, all 
        terraces of a gentle incline and offering no difficulties to road 
        construction.    On the whole, the 
        proposed dray-road would follow the present bridle-track from the 
        Teremakau to Bell Hill — a track which has been in use for some time — 
        and which with the exception of several parts, amounting together to 
        about two and a half miles, is as good a line of road through that 
        district as can be selected.    From Bell Hill to 
        Hatters' Terrace and Try-again (two digging townships on Nelson Creek), 
        a distance of about twelve miles, the road for the first four miles will 
        follow the present track to Camp Town by way of Kangaroo Creek. At a 
        distance of about three miles from Bell Hill, a swamp of from forty to 
        fifty chains in width requires to be crossed before the terraces at the 
        headwaters of Red Jack's Creek and tributaries can be reached. 
           Swamps as a rule 
        present formidable difficulties to the construction of roads. In 
        Westland, however, it has been found that the construction of roads over 
        swampy land (Pakihis) is no more difficult, and in some cases less so 
        than the construction of roads over comparatively sound ground, and in 
        all cases where Manuka scrub is found covering the swampy land, gravel 
        and conglomerate is struck at a depth of from two to five feet. 
           After crossing the 
        swamp the road may follow along the foot or top of the terrace land into 
        the right hand branch of Nelson Creek to Hatters' terrace and Try-again. 
        From Try-again to the Ahaura Township, by way of Callaghan's (another 
        digging township), no obstacle intervenes. The distance is about five 
        miles, and a pack-track is connecting these places at present. I may 
        here mention that at the time of my last visit to the Ahaura Township, 
        the people were about taking steps to petition the Provincial Government 
        of Nelson for the construction of a road from Ahaura to the Arnold by 
        way of Callaghan's and Try-again. If, therefore, the road from Greymouth 
        to Ahaura was taken through Try-again and Callaghan's, a distance of 
        five miles in the construction of the Bell Hill road would be saved. 
           From the above it 
        will be seen that the total length of the proposed road is about 
        thirty-four miles, and that, with the exception of the part from Nelson 
        Creek to the present track from Camp Town to Bell Hill, by way of 
        Kangaroo Creek, the practicability of constructing a dray-road as 
        proposed, has been established, and I venture to predict that on survey 
        it will be found that the route sketched out can be much improved upon, 
        and that the distance between the Christchurch Road and the Ahaura 
        township can probably be shortened.    On referring to the 
        Canterbury lithographed maps, I find " Old Maori track to Ahaura" marked 
        east of Lake Brunner, and over the country which it as proposed the new 
        road should traverse. This little 'incident of itself, does, to my mind, 
        satisfactorily settle the question of the practicability of taking a 
        road that way, and is a guarantee to me, that the difficulties of doing 
        so are small, for I have found invariably those the best passes and 
        lines of communication on this Coast, which on the old Canterbury maps 
        were noted as "Maori Pass," or " Maori Track."  Together with 
        this, I forward a tracing and lithographed plan of the Grey Valley, 
        showing roads and tracks referred to in this memo. * Gerhard Mueller, Chief Surveyor.    PLEASE READ THIS 
        CAREFULLY! ELIZABETH IS FOUND! 1878 - Grey River 
        Argus, 13 June  - NO TOWN. Jacob Bradwell, an out and out 
        Geordie, has just paid No Town a visit after an absence of seven years, 
        and he was most cordially welcomed by those of his old associates still 
        in the land of the living and residing in or near the township. Jacob is 
        one of those renowned hatters in gold-mining who are fast becoming 
        scarce, and being an old coal-hewer of the Durham fields he is quite an 
        adept in all kinds of hard work. The enterprise he has displayed, and 
        the amount of labor he has done quite single handed in his alluvial 
        claim at Bell Hill, is something astonishing. . When he started his 
        present work his few neighbors, or "co-mates in exile," christened his 
        claim the "Labor in vain." Jacob informs me that he has been engaged 
        over two and a-half years in getting his ground into working order; that 
        his water-race, which carries 20 heads, is over a mile in length and his 
        tail-race over one hundred yards with a face of gravel to work upon 80ft 
        in depth, and that he had 3 boulders to contend with of enormous size, 
        added to all which Jacob has many a time, when tucker ran short, lived 
        for days on cabbage leaves, and in the absence of tobacco, smoked tea 
        and the dried leaves of manuka scrub.  In this out of 
        the way diggings at Bell Hill, where fine-looking quartz reefs are 
        reported to exist, five or six miners and one elderly female have lived 
        from year to year in almost primitive style, seldom hearing anything of 
        the outer world, save when the packer of their three months' supplies 
        visits the locality. And yet they live happily enough together, never 
        quarrel with each other, have nothing to gossip about, but yarn with one 
        another at night, and doubtless conjure up incidents of bye-gone days, 
        when gold was more plentiful and themselves more foolish than now, in 
        the matter of throwing money away; know as much about candidates for 
        Parliamentary or County Council honors as they do about the feather clad 
        inhabitants of Mars, and jog on in their quiet pursuit of gold under 
        difficulties in a way that is really astonishing. Miss Gilford, the 
        femme sole of Bell Hill, who has been located there for years, is an 
        English lady, possessed of considerable energy and pluck, as can readily 
        be understood, and from what I have been told, and all that I have seen 
        at a personal interview, seems to have acquired the position of general 
        adviser to the limited community of which she may be termed the Forest 
        Queen. She can, and frequently does, lend a willing hand to any of the 
        men in their claims; is an adept with the long-handed shovel 
        occasionally wears gum boots and wide-awakes of a Yankee pattern ; and is 
        altogether a most remarkable woman, and one whom the male recluses of 
        Bell Hill would go many miles to serve. Strange community and altogether 
        outlandish, and yet who knows they may in the future be known as the 
        resolute .pioneers of an extensive goldfield and the joint winners of a 
        Government or a County prize. At present the Bell Hill residents get all 
        stores, &etc, packed from No Town, but I understand that Mr John 
        Molloy, a settler at Deep Creek, has come to terms with the County 
        Council to cut a pack track from Big Bill's Gully to Bell Hill, and that 
        he is now engaged in performing this very necessary piece of 
        work. 
 
 Bush scene and gold diggers hut, possibly in 
        Westland, photographed circa 1890s by Josiah Martin. 1886 - Grey River Argus, 13 November 
        1886: (The reason Elizabeth wore gumboots) Bell Hill is still 
        living in hope that the County Council will make a track into the place. 
        In all reason, why has this portion of the district been neglected In 
        the manner it has been? If my memory serves me, a miner at Bell Hill 
        lately made an offer to the County Council to make a track from Bell 
        Hill to the Government track for £15. Why was Councillor Parfitt silent 
        then ? There is no person better acquainted with the beastly state of 
        this track than Councillor Parfitt is. If Councillor Parfitt and the 
        rest of the Councillors were compelled to carry their week's tucker into 
        this place I am perfectly satisfied that before they would make a second 
        trip the just claims of the Bell Hill miners would be taken notice of. 
        It is to be hoped that some Councillor having the interest of gold 
        mining at heart will move in this matter, and if possible get a cheap 
        track to enable miners to get in and out of this place without wallowing 
        to their knees in mud. I see by the report of the last sitting of 
        the County Council that the Council has agreed to remove the bodies from 
        the Try Again Cemetery. Too much credit cannot be given to Councillor 
        Guinness and Clifford for having contributed their might in removing 
        from amongst us what has been a standing disgrace to the district for 
        years. It is to be hoped that the Council in calling for tenders for the 
        removal of these bodies will include the bodies lying in other parts of 
        the district namely, one at Bell Hill, one at Fenian Creek, and one at 
        German Gully.
     Grey River 
        Argus,  3 August 1887: GREY COUNTY COUNCIL. Tuesday, August 2. The 
        county council met this evening. Letter from H. P. Pow in reference to 
        the notice he received that the council would deduct L2O from his 
        contract money, and asking that the fine be not enforced, on the ground 
        that he had done what work was pointed out to him as wanted. 
        Referred to the Road Overseer. Another letter from the same person 
        stated that in consequence of the unfair way in which he had been 
        treated by the council's servants he wished to resign contract No. 3 
        Grey Valley Teremakau road to A. Shaw, W. J. Shaw and Miss E. Guilford. 
        Also, a subsequent letter stating that he had sold his contract for £24 
        to the above persons.
 Resolved that Pow be allowed to transfer the 
        contract on condition that the sureties be approved of. The second 
        letter was also referred to the Road Overseer to report. Letter from 
        Ellis Hall asking the council not to pay Pow more than half the money. 
        He was Pow's partner, and had done his share of the work, and now he 
        found that Pow had sold the contract to Miss 
        Guilford
   Grey River Argus, 3 
        September 1887: Tuesday, 6th September, 1887, AT 7.30 P.M. Cr McCarthy 
        to move : That a sum of £10 be expended in repairing branch track from 
        Miss Guilford's store, Bell Hill, to junction of Nelson Creek 
        road.   Grey River Argus, 9 
        September 1887, GREY COUNTY COUNCIL. Wednesday, 7th September.Cr 
        McCarthy moved— "That a sum of £10 be expended in repairing branch track 
        from Miss Guilford's store, Bell Hill, to junction of Nelson Creek 
        road." Cr Parfitt seconded. He corroborated the statement of the mover 
        that horses had to be unloaded before getting to the store. — Cr 
        Marshall thought that £5 would do all that was required. The amount was 
        reduced to £5, and motion agreed to.
   DEATH. GUILFORD— On 
        the 21st. February, at the Grey River Hospital; Elizabeth Guilford, 
        native of Easton, near Malvern, Wiltshire, and late of Bell Hill, aged 
        75 years. Her burial was at Greymouth Cemetery February 24, 1892.  
           Today, the traveller 
        after leaving Reefton on Route 7 now heads south toward Greymouth. Turn 
        left at Ngahere to Nelson Creek and continue on the Nelson Creek Bell 
        Hill Road. It's a long drive about 30 km mostly on an unsealed road. 
        Bell Hill is a historically rich area in timber farming and gold 
        mining.   |